Believe it or not, skin cancers are more common in the United States than all other cancers combined. There are an estimated 70,000 cases of melanoma, which is the most severe type of skin cancer, and an additional 3.5 million basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas of the skin diagnosed annually.
Excessive exposure to ultraviolet light is a major risk factor for all types of skin cancers, and it takes just one blistering sunburn to increase your risk.
The following strategies can help you enjoy the outdoors this summer while protecting yourself from the sun:
Use sunscreen consistently.
Make sure to choose a sunscreen that has both UVA and UVB coverage, which is also labeled as “broad spectrum” sunscreen. Sunscreen that contains either zinc oxide or titanium dioxide is particularly recommended for people with sensitive skin and for children. Apply to all exposed skin 30 minutes before heading outside, and reapply every two to four hours.
Don’t forget ears, lips and the back of the neck.
An additional benefit of wearing sunscreen consistently is more youthful skin. Studies have shown sunscreen slows down wrinkles and sagging.
Wear sun-protective clothing and hats and avoid the sun.
Try to avoid peak sun hours from 10 a.m. to 2 p.m. and seek the shade. In addition to sunscreen, wear hats and sunglasses and use an umbrella when appropriate. Several companies manufacture SFP-rated clothing, which can offer additional sun protection.
Avoid tanning beds and instead use self-tanners.
People may believe they look healthier with a tan; however, indoor tanning is strongly linked to increased risk of all types of skin cancer. One alternative is to use self-tanning creams to get that perfect tan.
Be wary of freckles.
If you develop freckles on your skin, this may be a sign of sustained sun damage. Freckles generally develop in sun-exposed areas such as the face, chest and arms, and they are more likely to develop in fair-skinned people with blonde or red hair.
Overall, make sure to start good sun habits early. Sun exposure early in life has a greater influence on subsequent skin cancer risk than at a later age.
Julie Zang, M.D.
Dermatologist, NewYork-Presbyterian/LowerManhattan Hospital
